Array: a rectangular arrangement of objects or elements organzied into rows and columns.
Bar Model: a visual representation of a number using a bar to solve a mathematical expression.
Compatible Numbers: are numbers that are close in value to the actual number, and which make it easy to perform mental math.
Decimal Point: a mark used in a base 10 numbering system to designate values that are less than one.
Denominator: the bottom part of a fraction that indicates the number of equal parts into which the whole is divided. Example 4 in the fraction 3/4.
Distributive Property: a rule or method that states that every term inside grouping symbols may be multiplied by a term outside grouping symbols.
Dividend: the value to be divided in a division problem.
Divisor: the value by which another quantity is divided in a division problem.
Divisibility Rules: A set of general rules that may be usedd to determine whether or not a number is evenly divisible by another number.
- 2: if the number is even, it is divisible by 2.
- 3: if the sum of all of the digits is divisible by three, the number is divisible by 3.
- 4: if the number formed by the last two digits is divisible by 4, the number is divisible by 4.
- 5: if the last digit is a 0 or 5, the number is divisible by 5.
- 6: if a number is divisible by both 3 and two, it is divisible by 6.
- 7: if the difference of last digit doubled and the rest of the digits is divisible by seven, the number is divisible by 7. Example 343: 34-6= 28
- 8: if the last last three digits of a number are divisible by 8, the number is divisible by 8.
- 9: if the sum of the digits is divisible by nine, the number is divisible by 9.
- 10: if the last digit of the number is 0, it is divisible by 10.
Equation: a mathematical statement divided by an equal symbol that states the two values or expressions have the same value.
Estimate: an approximate and reasonable answer that is close to the exact answer without actually calulating the exact answer.
Fraction Bar: the line that separates the numerator and the denominator.
Inverse Operations: are opposite operations. Addition is the opposite of subtraction; division is the opposite of multiplication.
Long Division: is a step-by-step process to divide large numbers into equal groups.
Mixed Number: a number represented by a whole number next to a fraction, and is equal to the sum of the whole number and the fraction.
Numerator: the number of equal parts of a total number of parts in a fraction; it is found above the fraction bar. Example 4 in the fraction 4/7.
Partial Quotients: a partial quotient refers to a method used in solving large division problems.
Place Value: the value of a numeral based on the position of each digit in the number.
Quotient: the answer to a division problem.
Remainder: the number left over when a number is divided by another.
Whole Numbers: the set of numbers consisiting of the natural numbers (counting numbers) and zero.
